Get Specific Columns Data Tutorial in Laravel 11

 <?php


namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Post;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class PostController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     */
    public function index()
    {
        // $post = Post::with("user")->get();
        // if we want to fetch only specific columns data with "with()" method at that time
        // we have to specify "foreign key" column name as shown below :
        // $post = Post::with("user")->get(["title","description","user_id"]);

        // if we want to fetch only specific columns data with "with()" method at that time
        // we have to specify "primary key" column name as shown below :
        // $post = Post::with("user:name,email,id")->get(["title","description","user_id"]);;

        // we can use alias name of column name as shown below :
        // $post = Post::with("user:name as User Name,email as User Email,id")->get(["title","description","user_id"]);
        // $post = Post::with(["user" => function($query){
        //     $query->select("id","name","email");
        // }])->get();

        // $post = Post::with(["user" => function ($query) {
        //     $query->select("id", "name", "email");
        // }])->get(["title", "description", "user_id"]);

        // $post = Post::select("user_id", "title", "description")->with(["user" => function ($query) {
        //     $query->select("id", "name", "email");
        // }])->get();

        // $post = Post::select(["title","description","user_id"])->withWhereHas("user",function($query){
        //     $query->select("id","name","email")->where("city","Delhi");
        // })->get();

        // Till now we have fetched data from two tables only but if we want to fetch data from three
        // tables (first table "users", second table "posts", third table "comments")then we can do as shown below :
        // $post = Post::select(["title", "description", "user_id"])->with([
        //     "user" => function ($query) {
        //         $query->select("id", "name", "email");
        //     },
        //     "comments" => function ($query) {
        //         $query->select("post_id", "detail");
        //     }
        // ])->get();


        // Here below we have specified column names(of "users" table) in "Post" Model file
        // we can check "Post" Model file
        // $post = Post::with("user")->get();

        // if we want to fetch all "users" table data along with "posts" table data everytime then we
        // can specify in "Post" model file as shown in "Post" model file
        // $post = Post::get();

        // $post = Post::find(2);

        // if we want to fetch only "posts" table data without "users" table data as shown below :
        // $post = Post::without("user")->find(2);
        // $post = Post::without("user")->get();
        $post = Post::withOnly("user")->get();

        return $post;
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     */
    public function create()
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     */
    public function show(string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     */
    public function edit(string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     */
    public function update(Request $request, string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     */
    public function destroy(string $id)
    {
        //
    }
}
Above File is app\Http\Controllers\PostController File





Below File is app\Http\Controllers\UserController File
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     */
    public function index()
    {
        // $user = User::get();
        // $user = User::select("name","city")->get();
        // $user = User::select("name","city")->where("city","Delhi")->get();
        // $user = User::where("city","Delhi")->get(["name","email","city"]);

        // $user = User::all("name","email")->toArray();
        // $user = User::pluck("email");
        // $user = User::pluck("email","name");
        // $user = User::pluck("name","city");     //pluck() method will remove duplicates city names
        // pluck() method will show only last value from duplicate records
        // $user = User::where("city","Delhi")->pluck("name","city");

        // $user = User::find(1);
        // $user = User::find(1,["name","email"]);
        // $user = User::findorfail(2,["name","email"]);
        // $user = User::find(2)->email;
        // $user = User::where("city","Delhi")->first()->email;
        // $user = User::where("city","Delhi")->value("email");
        // $user = User::where("city","Goa")->value("email");

        // Here below we have specified column names(of "posts" table) in "User" Model file
        // we can check "User" Model file

        // $user = User::with("post")->get();

        // Fetch "users" table data with "posts" table data in already existing query as shown below :
        $user = User::all();
        $user->load("post");

        return $user;
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     */
    public function create()
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     */
    public function show(string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     */
    public function edit(string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     */
    public function update(Request $request, string $id)
    {
        //
    }

    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     */
    public function destroy(string $id)
    {
        //
    }
}





Below File is app\Models\Post File
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Post extends Model
{
    public $timestamps = true;
    protected $table = "posts";
    protected $fillable = ["title", "description", "status", "user_id"];   //First way, we can use anyone
    // protected $guarded = [];     //Second way, we can use anyone

    protected $with = ["user"];

    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class)->select(["name", "email", "id"]);
    }
}





Below File is app\Models\User File
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class User extends Model
{
    public $timestamps = false;
    protected $table = "users";
    protected $fillable = ["name", "email", "city", "status"];

    public function post()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Post::class)->select(["title", "description", "user_id"]);
    }
}





Below File is database\json\posts File
[
    {
        "title": "News Title One",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 1
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Two",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 2
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Three",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 1
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Four",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 3
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Five",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 3
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Six",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 1
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Seven",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 3
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Eight",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 2
    },
    {
        "title": "News Title Nine",
        "description": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit",
        "user_id": 4
    }
]





Below File is database\json\users File
[
    {
        "name": "Yahoo Baba",
        "email": "yahoobaba@gmail.com",
        "city": "Delhi",
        "status": 1
    },
    {
        "name": "Salman Khan",
        "email": "salman@gmail.com",
        "city": "Mumbai",
        "status": 0
    },
    {
        "name": "Deepika Padukone",
        "email": "deepika@gmail.com",
        "city": "Delhi",
        "status": 1
    },
    {
        "name": "Abhishek Bachchan",
        "email": "abhishek@gmail.com",
        "city": "Goa",
        "status": 1
    }
]





Below File is database\migrations\2024_12_18_115130_create_users_table File
<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("name");
            $table->string("email", 50)->unique();
            $table->string("city");
            $table->tinyInteger("status")->default(1);
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
};





Below File is database\migrations\2024_12_18_115842_create_posts_table File
<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     */
    public function up(): void
    {
        Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string("title", 50);
            $table->longText("description");
            $table->tinyInteger("status")->default(1);
            $table->unsignedBigInteger("user_id");
            $table->foreign("user_id")->references("id")->on("users")->onUpdate("cascade")->onDelete("cascade");
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     */
    public function down(): void
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('posts');
    }
};





Below File is database\seeders\DatabaseSeeder File
<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use App\Models\User;
// use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;

class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Seed the application's database.
     */
    public function run(): void
    {
        // User::factory(10)->create();

        // User::factory()->create([
        //     'name' => 'Test User',
        //     'email' => 'test@example.com',
        // ]);

        $this->call([
            UserSeeder::class,
            PostSeeder::class
        ]);
    }
}





Below File is database\seeders\PostSeeder File
<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use App\Models\Post;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;

class PostSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     */
    public function run(): void
    {
        $json = File::get(path: "database/json/posts.json");
        $posts = collect(json_decode($json));

        $posts->each(function ($post) {
            Post::create([
                "title" => $post->title,
                "description" => $post->description,
                "user_id" => $post->user_id
            ]);
        });
    }
}





Below File is database\seeders\UserSeeder File
<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;

class UserSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     */
    public function run(): void
    {
        $json = File::get(path: "database/json/users.json");
        $users = collect(json_decode($json));

        $users->each(function ($user) {
            User::create([
                "name" => $user->name,
                "email" => $user->email,
                "city" => $user->city,
                "status" => $user->status
            ]);
        });
    }
}





Below File is routes\web File
<?php

use App\Http\Controllers\PostController;
use App\Http\Controllers\UserController;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

Route::resource("user", UserController::class);

Route::resource("post", PostController::class);


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