Eloquent One To One Relationships Tutorial in Laravel 11
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Student;
use App\Models\Contact;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class StudentController extends Controller
{
/**
* Display a listing of the resource.
*/
public function index()
{
// $students = Student::with("contact")->get();
// $students = Student::with("contact")->find(3); //Fetch particular record from database
// return $students;
// $students = Student::with("contact")->find(3);
// echo $students->name . "<br>"; //Printing particular column name value
// echo $students->contact->email . "<br>";
// Fetching particular condition records from "students" table
// $students = Student::with("contact")->where("gender","F")->get();
// return $students;
// Fetching particular condition records from "contacts" table
// $students = Student::withWhereHas("contact", function($query){
// $query->where("city","Delhi");
// })->get();
// return $students;
// Fetching particular records with condition in both tables "students" and "contacts"
// Here below "withWhereHas()" method is used
// For example: if we want to search records with gender Male from "students" table and with city Delhi from "contacts" table as shown below :
// $students = Student::where("gender","M")->withWhereHas("contact",function($query){
// $query->where("city","Delhi");
// })->get();
// return $students;
// Below code shows result from only "students" table, Not from "contacts" table
// Here below "whereHas()" method is used when both tables have one-to-one relationship as shown below
// sometimes we have condition like we want to match records from both tables and fetch records from only one table as shown below :
$students = Student::where("gender", "M")->whereHas("contact", function ($query) {
$query->where("city", "Delhi");
})->get();
return $students;
}
/**
* Show the form for creating a new resource.
*/
public function create()
{
// we can add record in both tables simultaneously from one controller using one-to-one relationship as shown below :
$student = Student::create([
"name" => "John Abraham",
"age" => 18,
"gender" => "M"
]);
$student->contact()->create([
"email" => "john@gmail.com",
"phone" => "9988776634",
"address" => "#456 JA Road",
"city" => "Mumbai"
]);
}
/**
* Store a newly created resource in storage.
*/
public function store(Request $request)
{
//
}
/**
* Display the specified resource.
*/
public function show(string $id)
{
//
}
/**
* Show the form for editing the specified resource.
*/
public function edit(string $id)
{
//
}
/**
* Update the specified resource in storage.
*/
public function update(Request $request, string $id)
{
//
}
/**
* Remove the specified resource from storage.
*/
public function destroy(string $id)
{
//
}
}
Above File is app\Http\Controllers\StudentController FileBelow File is app\Http\Controllers\ContactController File
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use App\Models\Contact;
use App\Models\Student;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
class ContactController extends Controller
{
public function show()
{
$contacts = Contact::with("student")->get();
return $contacts;
}
}
Below File is app\Models\Student File
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Student extends Model
{
public $timestamps = false;
protected $fillable = ["name", "age", "gender"];
public function contact()
{
return $this->hasOne(Contact::class);
}
}
Below File is app\Models\Contact File
<?php
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
class Contact extends Model
{
public $timestamps = false;
protected $fillable = ["email", "phone", "address", "city", "student_id"];
public function student()
{
// When we want to attach Foreign key table to Primary key table at that time we have to use belongsTo() method
// To make Inverse relationship, we have to use belongsTo() method as shown below :
// When we wan to make straight relationship(when another table has Foreign key) at that time we have to use hasOne() method
return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
}
}
Below File is database\json\students.json File
[
{
"name": "Yahoo Baba",
"age": 20,
"gender": "M"
},
{
"name": "Salman Khan",
"age": 22,
"gender": "M"
},
{
"name": "Akshay Kumar",
"age": 23,
"gender": "M"
},
{
"name": "Kirti",
"age": 20,
"gender": "F"
},
{
"name": "Deepika",
"age": 20,
"gender": "F"
}
]
Below File is database\json\contacts.json File
[
{
"email": "yahoobaba@gmail.com",
"phone": "123456789",
"address": "#123 YB Road",
"city": "Chandigarh",
"student_id": 1
},
{
"email": "salman@gmail.com",
"phone": "3344556677",
"address": "#345, SK Road",
"city": "Mumbai",
"student_id": 2
},
{
"email": "akshay@gmail.com",
"phone": "8855226611",
"address": "#456, AK Road",
"city": "Delhi",
"student_id": 3
},
{
"email": "kirti@gmail.com",
"phone": "99887744225",
"address": "#678, KS Road",
"city": "Delhi",
"student_id": 4
},
{
"email": "deepika@gmail.com",
"phone": "7788554411",
"address": "#321, DP Road",
"city": "Bangaluru",
"student_id": 5
}
]
Below File is database\migrations\2024_12_09_091952_create_students_table File
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
return new class extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*/
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('students', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->string("name");
$table->integer("age");
$table->string("gender");
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*/
public function down(): void
{
Schema::dropIfExists('students');
}
};
Below File is database\migrations\2024_12_09_092032_create_contacts_table File
<?php
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
return new class extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*/
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create('contacts', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->id();
$table->string("email");
$table->string("phone");
$table->string("address");
$table->string("city");
$table->integer("student_id");
$table->foreign("student_id")->references("id")->on("students")->onDelete("cascade")->onUpdate("cascade");
$table->timestamps();
});
}
/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*/
public function down(): void
{
Schema::dropIfExists('contacts');
}
};
Below File is database\seeders\StudentSeeder File
<?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use App\Models\Student;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;
class StudentSeeder extends Seeder
{
/**
* Run the database seeds.
*/
public function run(): void
{
$json = File::get(path: "database/json/students.json");
$students = collect(json_decode($json));
$students->each(function ($student) {
Student::create([
"name" => $student->name,
"age" => $student->age,
"gender" => $student->gender
]);
});
}
}
Below File is database\seeders\ContactSeeder File
<?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use App\Models\Contact;
use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\File;
class ContactSeeder extends Seeder
{
/**
* Run the database seeds.
*/
public function run(): void
{
$json = File::get(path: "database/json/contacts.json");
$contacts = collect(json_decode($json));
$contacts->each(function ($contact) {
Contact::create([
"email" => $contact->email,
"phone" => $contact->phone,
"address" => $contact->address,
"city" => $contact->city,
"student_id" => $contact->student_id
]);
});
}
}
Below File is database\seeders\DatabaseSeeder File
<?php
namespace Database\Seeders;
use App\Models\User;
// use Illuminate\Database\Console\Seeds\WithoutModelEvents;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
{
/**
* Seed the application's database.
*/
public function run(): void
{
// User::factory(10)->create();
// User::factory()->create([
// 'name' => 'Test User',
// 'email' => 'test@example.com',
// ]);
$this->call([
StudentSeeder::class,
ContactSeeder::class
]);
}
}
Below File is routes\web File
<?php
use App\Http\Controllers\ContactController;
use App\Http\Controllers\StudentController;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
Route::get('/', function () {
return view('welcome');
});
Route::resource("student", StudentController::class);
Route::get("/contact", [ContactController::class, "show"]);
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